Latest Asp.Net MVC5 and MVC6 Interview Questions And Answers Or Real Time MVC5 and MVC6 Interview Questions And Answers

MVC 5 AND MVC6 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

What is the difference between each version of MVC 2,3,4, 5 and 6?

MVC 6

ASP.NET MVC and Web API has been merged in to one.

Dependency injection is inbuilt and part of MVC.

Side by side - deploy the runtime and framework with your application

Everything packaged with NuGet, Including the .NET runtime itself.

New JSON based project structure.

No need to recompile for every change. Just hit save and refresh the browser.

Compilation done with the new Roslyn real-time compiler.

vNext is Open Source via the .NET Foundation and is taking public contributions.

vNext (and Rosyln) also runs on Mono, on both Mac and Linux today.

MVC 5

One ASP.NET

Attribute based routing

Asp.Net Identity

Bootstrap in the MVC template

Authentication Filters

Filter overrides

MVC 4

ASP.NET Web API

Refreshed and modernized default project templates

New mobile project template

Many new features to support mobile apps

Enhanced support for asynchronous methods

MVC 3

Razor

Readymade project templates

HTML 5 enabled templates

Support for Multiple View Engines

JavaScript and Ajax

Model Validation Improvements

MVC 2

Client-Side Validation

Templated Helpers

Areas

Asynchronous Controllers

Html.ValidationSummary Helper Method

DefaultValueAttribute in Action-Method Parameters

Binding Binary Data with Model Binders

DataAnnotations Attributes

Model-Validator Providers

New RequireHttpsAttribute Action Filter

Templated Helpers

Display Model-Level Errors

What are the new features in Asp.Net MVC5 ?

§  Introducing One ASP.NET

§  Introducing Asp.Net One Identity

§  Introducing Bootstrap in the MVC template

§  Introducing Filter overrides (Overriding filters)

§  Introducing Authentication Filters

§  Introducing Web API 2

§  Introducing OAuth 2.0 Authorization in MVC 5

§  OData Improvements in MVC 5(Full support for $select, $expand, $batch, and $value)

§  Introducing ASP.NET SignalR 2.0

ASP.NET WEB API 2

§  Attribute routing

What is One ASP.NET ?

Web MVC project templates integrated with the new One ASP.NET experience. we can customize our MVC project and configure authentication by using One ASP.NET project creation wizard.

One ASP.NET

=> Asp.Net + Site + Services + Web Forms + Web Pages + Single Page + MVC + Web API + Single R

What is the structure of ASP.NET MVC 5 and release’s ?

What’s Bootstrap is new MVC 5 ?

MVC project template is updated in MVC 5 to use Bootstrap for better look and feel. Now you can easily customize. For more information

Bootstrap In Short:

§  With the updated MVC template, You can do Customization very easily

§  Better look and feel.

What is ASP.NET Web API 2 ?

Self-Hosted Web API

§  Multiple Routes (Get Routes) on an Action

§  Route Defaults (With Default Parameters)

§  Route Parameters as optional

§  Route Constraints

§  Chaining and Combining with Defaults and Optionals

§  Named Routes

§  Route Prefixe (New Attribute)

[RoutePrefix(“Blog/{BlogId}”)]
public class BlogController : ControllerBase
{
GET(“Blogs”)]
public ActionResult Index(int BlogId) { /* … */ }
}

What are new updates in ASP.NET MVC 5 Areas ?

§  Overriding the Area URL Prefix

§  Ignoring Area URLs for Certain Routes

What are advanced features of ASP.NET MVC 5 ?

§  Localizing URL’s

§  Newly Added provider FluentTranslationProvider

§  Newly Route Convention Attribute

§  Subdomain Routing

LOCALIZING URL’S

We can localize our URL’s using an AttribtueRouting translation provider. A translation provider is useful to work against resx files, databases, etc. To create our own, simply extend

routes.MapAttributeRoutes(myConfig =>
{
myConfig.AddTranslationProvider(new MyCustomTranslationProvider());
});

ROUTE CONVENTION ATTRIBUTE ATTRIBUTE

public class MyRouteConventionAttribute : RouteConventionAttributeBase
{
public override IEnumerable
GetRouteAttributes(MethodInfo actionMethod)
{
// TODO: Yield IRouteAttributes (GET/POST/PUT/DELETE/Route).
}
}

SUBDOMAIN ROUTING

Wc can map our ASP.NET MVC areas to subdomains by using the Subdomain property of the RouteAreaAttribute. Doing so ensures that the routes for the area are matched only when requests are made to the specified subdomain. Here’s how:

[RouteArea(“Users”, Subdomain = “users”)]
public class SubdomainController : Controller
{
[GET(“”)]
public ActionResult Index() { /* … */ }
}

Is OAuth 2.0 support’s for Web API and Single Page Application ?

The MVC Web API and Single Page Application project templates now support authorization using OAuth 2.0. OAuth 2.0 is a authorization framework for authorizing client access to protected resources. It works for a variety of clients like for different browsers & mobile devices.

What are the OData Improvements ?

Full Support for $select, $expand, $batch & $value
Much improved extensibility
Type less support (No need to define CLR types)

Explain what is the difference between View and Partial View?

View	Partial View
It contains the layout page Before any view is rendered, viewstart page is rendered View might have markup tags like body, html, head, title, meta etc. View is not lightweight as compare to Partial View	It does not contain the layout page Partial view does not verify for a viewstart.cshtml. We cannot put common code for a partial view within the viewStart.cshtml.page Partial view is designed specially to render within the view and just because of that it does not consist any mark up We can pass a regular view to the RenderPartial method

Mention two instances where routing is not implemented or required?

Two instance where routing is not required are

·          When a physical file is found that matches the URL pattern

·          When routing is disabled for a URL pattern

Mention what “beforFilter()”,“beforeRender” and “afterFilter” functions do in Controller?

·          beforeFilter(): This function is run before every action in the controller. It’s the right place to check for an active session or inspect user permissions.

·          beforeRender(): This function is called after controller action logic, but before the view is rendered. This function is not often used, but may be required If you are calling render() manually before the end of a given action

·          afterFilter(): This function is called after every controller action, and after rendering is done. It is the last controller method to run

What is the latest version of MVC?

MVC 6 is the latest version which is also termed as ASP VNEXT.

Can we map multiple URL’s to the same action?

Yes, you can, you just need to make two entries with different key names and specify the same controller and action.

Explain attribute based routing in MVC?

This is a feature introduced in MVC 5. By using the "Route" attribute we can define the URL structure. For example in the below code we have decorated the "GotoAbout" action with the route attribute. The route attribute says that the "GotoAbout" can be invoked using the URL structure "Users/about".

public class HomeController : Controller

{

       [Route("Users/about")]

       public ActionResult GotoAbout()

       {

           return View();

       }

}

Does the unit testing of an MVC application is possible without running controllers in an ASP.NET process?

                        In an MVC application, all the features are based on interface. So, it is easy to unit test a MVC application. And it is to note that, in MVC application there is no need of running the controllers for unit testing.

ASP.NET MVC6 | ASP.NET vNext

§  Single Programming Model for ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web API.

§  Optimized for Cloud Computing.

§  Supporting side by side deployment of runtime and framework along with application.

§  Out of the box support for dependency injection.

§  vNext is Open Source and supports running on multiple platforms including Linux and Mac.

§  New JSON-based project Extension.

§  In order to dynamically compile code, Roslyn compiler is used.

Features of ASP.NET vNext

1.      ASP.NET vNext includes new cloud-optimized versions of MVC, Web API, Web Pages, SignalR, and Entity Framework.

2.      MVC, Web API and Web Pages have been merged into one framework, called MVC 6. This will follow common programming approach between all these three i.e. a single programming model for Web sites and services.

For example, there is unified controller, routing concepts, action selection, filters, model binding, and so on. In this way, You will have a single controller that returns both MVC views and formatted Web API responses, on the same HTTP verb.

3.      MVC 6 has no dependency on System.Web since it was quite expensive. A typical HttpContext object graph can consume 30K of memory per request and working with small JSON-style requests this is very costly. With MVC 6 it is reduced to roughly 2K. The result is a leaner framework, with faster startup time and lower memory consumption.

4.      ASP.NET vNext has new project extension project.json to list all the dependencies for the application and startup class in place of Global.asax.

5.      ASP.NET vNext apps are cloud ready by design. Services such as session state and caching will adjust their behavior depending on hosting environment either it is cloud or a traditional hosting environment. It uses dependency injection behind the scenes to provide your app with the correct implementation for these services for cloud or a traditional hosting environment. In this way, it will easy to move your app from on-premises to the cloud, since you need not to change your code.

6.      .NET next version, .NET vNext is host agnostic. Hence you can host your ASP.NET vNEXT app in IIS, or self-host in a custom process.

7.      .NET vNext support true side-by-side deployment. If your app is using cloud-optimized subset of .NET vNext, you can deploy all of your dependencies including the .NET vNext (cloud optimized) by uploading bin to hosting environment. In this way you can update your app without affecting other applications on the same server.

8.      Dependency injection is built into the framework. Now, you can use your preferred IoC container to register dependencies.

9.      .NET vNext use the Roslyn compiler to compile code dynamically. Hence you will be able to edit a code file and can see the changes by refreshing the browser; without stopping or rebuilding the project.

10. .NET vNext is open source and cross platform. It can run on Mono, on Mac and Linux.

Let's see what is new in ASP.NET MVC 6

Full Framework vs. Cloud-optimized Framework

In MVC 6 Microsoft removed the dependency of System.Web.Dll from MVC6 because it's so expensive that typically it consume 30k of memory per request and response, whereas now MVC 6 only requires 2k of memory per request and the response is a very small memory consumtion.

The advantage of using the cloud-optimized framework is that we can include a copy of the mono CLR with your website. For the sake of one website we do not need to upgrade the .NET version on the entire machine. A different version of the CLR for a different website running side by side.

MVC 6 is a part of ASP.NET 5 that has been designed for cloud-optimized applications. The runtime automatically picks the correct version of the library when our MVC application is deployed to the cloud.

The Core CLR is also supposed to be tuned with a high resource-efficient optimization.

Microsoft has made many MVC, Web API, WebPage and SignalLr peices we call MVC 6.

Most of the problems are solved using the Roslyn Compiler. In ASP.NET vNext uses the Roslyn Compiler. Using the Roslyn Compiler we do not need to compile the application, it automatically compiles the application code. You will edit a code file and can then see the changes by refreshing the browser without stopping or rebuilding the project.

Run on hosts other than IIS

Where we use MVC5 we can host it on an IIS server and we can also run it on top of an ASP. Net Pipeline, on the other hand MVC 6 has a feature that makes it better and that feature is itself hosted on an IIS server and a self-user pipeline.

Environment based configuration system

The configuration system provides an environment to easily deploy the application on the cloud. Our application works just like a configuration provider. It helps to retrieve the value from the various configuration sources like XML file.

MVC6 includes a new environment-based configuration system. Unlike something else it depends on just the Web.Config file in the previous version.

Dependency injection

Using the IServiceProvider interface we can easily add our own dependency injection container. We can replace the default implementation with our own container.

Supports OWIN

We have complete control over the composable pipeline in MVC 6 applications. MVC 6 supports the OWIN abstraction.

Important components of an MVC6 application

The is a new file type in MVC6 as in the following:

The preceding files are new in MVC 6. Let's see what each of these files contain.

Config.Json

This file contains the application configuration in various places. We can define our application configuration, not just this file. There is no need to be concerned about how to connect to various sources to get the confutation value.

In the following code we add a connection string in the Config.json file.

1.      {  

2.          "Data": {  

3.              "DefaultConnection": {  

4.                  "ConnectionString": "Server=server_name;Database=database_name;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"  

5.              }  

6.          }, 

Project.json

This file contains the build information as well as project dependencies. It can contain the commands used by the application.

1.      {  

2.            

3.          "webroot": "wwwroot",  

4.          "version": "1.0.0-*",  

5.          "dependencies": {  

6.              "Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc": "6.0.0-beta1",  

7.              "Microsoft.AspNet.Server.IIS": "1.0.0-alpha4",  

8.          },  

9.          "commands": {  

10.         /* Change the port number when you are self hosting this application */  

11.         "web": "Microsoft.AspNet.Hosting --server Microsoft.AspNet.Server.WebListener --server.urls http://localhost:5000",  

12.   

13.     },  

14.     "frameworks": {  

15.         "aspnet50": { },  

16.         "aspnetcore50": { }  

17.     },  

18.   

19. } }  

Startup.cs

The Application Builder is used as a parameter when the configure method is used when the Startup class is used by the host.

Global.json

Define the location for the project reference so that the projects can reference each other.

Defining the Request Pipeline

If we look at the Startup.cs it contains a startup method. 

1.      public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)  

2.      {  

3.                  // Setup configuration sources.  

4.                  var Configuration = new Configuration();  

5.                  Configuration.AddJsonFile("config.json");  

6.                   Configuration  .AddEnvironmentVariables();  

7.              }  

Create a Controller

If we look at the controller it is similar to the controller in a MVC 5 application. 

1.      public class HomeController : Controller  

2.      {  

3.              public IActionResult Index()  

4.              {  

5.                  return View();  

6.              }  

The namespace for MVC6 is Microsoft.ASPNET.MVC unlike the System.Web.MVC in the previous version. That is a big difference. In MVC 6 the application does not need to be derived from the controller class. In our controller there are many defaults functionalities. Most of the time we might need to derive from the controller class, but if we do not need access to all of the functionally provided by the controller class, we can define our controller class. 

1.      public class HomeController : Controller  

2.      {  

3.              public ActionResult Index()  

4.              {  

5.                  return View();  

6.              }  

7.              public string atul()  

8.              {  

9.                  return "hello i am mvc6";  

10.   

11.         }  

 If you execute the preceding method we may see the following page.

For More Please go through the link :

MVC3 and MVC4 Realtime Interview Questions and Answers

I Hope These all interview questions and answers Help full for mostly  Experienced and Freshers.

Thanks & Regards